Agitation in Elderly Adults: Is it a Sign?

People with dementia may have feelings of agitation. They may become distressed from what they perceive as scary environments or being overstimulated. Luckily, there are medications and intervention methods to keep dementia patients free from agitation. In this post, we will review what you need to know about agitation in elderly.

Is Agitation A Symptom of Dementia?

When an old patient is agitated, it can be a sign of dementia as it is a common behavior for people living with the condition. Learning about the causes can help you, as the caregiver, support the person. Next up, let’s take a look at the causes and signs of agitation in older adults.

What Are Causes of Agitation in Elderly?

Dementia patients can get agitated for a variety of reasons. These can include.

• Changes in the environment (e.g. hospitalization, travel, or the presence of guests)
• Moving to a new home or nursing home
• Changes in caregiver arrangements
• Fatigue and fear from trying to make sense out of a world that seems confusing to them.
• Misperceived threats

What Are Signs of Agitation in Elderly?

Signs of elderly agitation include:

• Feeling irritable
• Fidgeting
• Tapping their fingers or making repetitive movements
• Pacing back and forth
• Moving objects around
• Fixating on tasks, such as tidying
• Trying to leave the house

Finally, let’s take a look at agitation in elderly treatment.

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Is There Medication for Agitation in Elderly?

Atypical antipsychotics target the serotonin and dopamine chemical pathways in the brain. However, while these drugs are FDA-approved, the FDA has also mandated that all atypical antipsychotics carry a safety warning that the medication has been associated with an increased risk of death in older patients with dementia-related psychosis. An example of this medication is Brexpiprazole.

How Can Caregivers Prevent Agitation in Elderly?

Medication is not the only way to prevent agitation. There are also some intervention methods caregivers can use, such as:

• Creating a calm environment. Try moving the person to a quieter place, offering rest or privacy. It’s also recommended to remove stressors and limit caffeine use.
• Simplifying routines and tasks. Provide them with clothing that’s easy to put on, for example.
• Avoiding environmental triggers. Too much noise or glare can be potential triggers for agitation.
• Providing opportunities for exercise. This can include taking a walk in the park, gardening, or lightening up by putting on music to dance to.
• Monitoring comfort levels. This includes making sure the room is at a comfortable temperature and overall checking for hunger, thirst, and pain and looking out for health concerns, such as constipation, a full bladder, fatigue, infections, and skin irritations. Caregivers should also be sensitive to fears and what the patient perceives as threats.
• Providing reassurance. Let the person know you are there for them by providing phrases such as “I’m here for you” or “I’m sorry you’re upset.”
• Validating their frustration. Try to understand them and figure out what is causing the frustration.
• Checking yourself. Do not show alarm, raise your voice, or argue with the person.

If you are struggling with a loved one with dementia, please learn more about our home care services and contact our caregiving team today at 1-800-GRISWOLD or find a Caregiver near you.